Department of Agriculture & Farmers WelfareSoil Pedology Portal

Understand Your Soil. Explore Tamil Nadu.

Explore soil characteristics, nutrient information, agricultural regions, and district-level soil data across Tamil Nadu.

38
Districts Covered
388+
Agri Blocks
1.2M+
Samples Cataloged
Tamil Nadu Soil Map & Agro-Pedological Distribution
Tamil Nadu Soil Order & Distribution Map TNAU / Agri Dept
Pedological Overview

Tamil Nadu Soil Distribution & Orders

Explore how different soil categories span the geographical landscape of Tamil Nadu, based on state agro-pedological survey records.

Statewide Soil Distribution Breakdown

Total Geographical Area: ~130,060 sq. km
Red Soil
39.34%
The most widespread soil order in Tamil Nadu (Alfisol/Inceptisol), rich in iron oxides giving its characteristic red color. Generally porous and friable with moderate water retention.
Brown Soil
37.89%
Formed under sub-humid conditions with moderate organic matter content. Excellent for diversified cereal cultivation, commercial fruit orchards, and highland spices.
Black Soil
16.38%
Vertisols known for high clay content, deep swelling and shrink characteristics, excellent moisture retention. Highly fertile and famously renowned as cotton soil (Regur).
Grey Soil
3.5%
Found predominantly in depressions and wetland rice tracts with moderate salinity and seasonal waterlogging characteristics.
Mixed Soil
2.03%
Transitional soil complex presenting alternating layers of gravelly loam, clay, and sedimentary deposits along pediments.
Alluvial Soil
0.86%
Deposited by the Cauvery and Tamirabarani river basins. Highly fertile, loamy to silty clay texture, ideal for intensive paddy and multi-crop delta farming.
Soil Physics & Biology

General Soil Composition

Soil is a vital living ecosystem comprising balanced proportions of solid minerals, water, pore air, and nourishing organic humus.

The Organic 5% Principle:

While organic matter accounts for only 5% of ideal soil volume, it commands over 80% of microbial life, water retention, and nutrient buffering capacity.

Mineral Matter

45%

Sand, silt, and clay particles derived from parent rocks supplying structural matrix and essential inorganic elements.

Soil Water

25%

Soil solution containing dissolved nutrients essential for root absorption and microbial metabolic activity.

Soil Air

25%

Gases in pore spaces providing oxygen for root respiration and beneficial aerobic bacteria.

Organic Matter

5%

Humus, decomposing plant and animal residues improving soil structure, cation exchange, and water capacity.

District Soil Explorer

Explore Soil Data by District

Official Soil Testing Notice & Disclaimer

Soil health information is based on previously conducted soil laboratory tests. Soil conditions may change over time. Farmers should obtain a fresh soil test to understand the current condition of their land.

This is an independent redesign prototype and is not an official Government of Tamil Nadu application or service.

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Tamil Nadu Soil Information Platform

A modern, accessible public-information prototype inspired by the Government of Tamil Nadu Soil Information System (Mannvalam).

Tharvesh Muhaideen A

Founder of TM Nexus · Creator of tharvbytes

Contact Developer:imtharvesh@gmail.com
This is an independent redesign prototype and is not an official Government of Tamil Nadu application or service.

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